Passthrough

Private fund with 50 LPs each negotiating unique side letter provisions — tracking which investor got which concession across 200+ side letters is impossible manually. MFN clauses mean every new concession might trigger cascading rights for other LPs, and one missed obligation is a breach of fiduciary duty

Banking partner closing a $500M syndicated loan has 200+ conditions precedent tracked in a shared spreadsheet — counterparty counsel, borrower's team, and three syndicate members each maintain their own version, nobody knows in real-time which CPs are satisfied, and the paralegal spends an entire day before every status call manually reconciling five different trackers

Patent attorney drafting a 30-page specification has to manually verify that every reference label ('processor 235', 'memory 240', 'display 245') is used consistently across the specification, claims, and drawings — one mislabelled reference or antecedent basis error can trigger a USPTO objection that costs the client $2,000+ in additional prosecution fees and delays the application by months

In-house IP team at a tech company files 200+ patent applications per year and each one takes a patent agent 40-60 hours to draft from the inventor disclosure — the bottleneck isn't the invention, it's the labour-intensive process of writing specifications, claims, and figures that meet USPTO requirements, while the patent agent's queue grows faster than they can work through it

Litigation team preparing a patent invalidity defence needs to find prior art that anticipates or renders obvious each claim element — manually building claim charts across dozens of references takes weeks and costs $50-100K in associate time, and missing one key reference could lose the case

Patent prosecution attorney receives an office action and needs to decide whether to fight, amend, or appeal — but has no data on this specific examiner's grant rate, allowance patterns, or appeal success rate, so the strategy decision comes down to gut feel instead of evidence, and a wrong call burns through the client's prosecution budget on a losing strategy

When my litigation team receives 100,000 documents in discovery and the partner wants an early case assessment by Friday, I need to understand the key facts, players, and timeline before we've even started formal review — but right now the only option is throwing associate hours at it and hoping we surface the right documents

Small firm sends 50 engagement letters a month and each one requires manually creating the PDF, emailing it, waiting for the client to print-sign-scan-return, then following up twice — the whole process takes 3 days per client when it should take 3 minutes

County DA's office processes 8,000 cases per year with 12 attorneys and a legacy case management system from the early 2000s that can't share data with law enforcement's records system — every case requires manual re-entry of arrest data, incident reports are printed and re-scanned, and the office has no real-time visibility into which cases are approaching statutory deadlines

Corporate legal department manages 500+ matters across 30 outside firms but has no single source of truth — matter details live in email chains, budget approvals happen via PDF attachments, and when the GC asks 'how many active IP matters do we have in EMEA and what's the projected spend?' the answer takes a paralegal two days to compile from scattered spreadsheets

Fund formation partner closes a $200M fund with 40 LPs — each investor gets a 50-page subscription agreement that needs to be customized based on their entity type, tax status, and regulatory jurisdiction, and the paralegal spends 3 weeks chasing investors for correct signatures, missing pages, and illegible responses before the fund can actually close

Fund manager's compliance team needs to verify KYC/AML for every LP in a new fund — 40 investors across 12 jurisdictions, each with different beneficial ownership structures, and the 31 CFR deadline is approaching while half the investors haven't submitted their compliance documentation

When I'm closing a $200M fund with 40 investors across three closings, I need subscription documents returned correctly the first time — right now investors hand-write answers, skip required fields, and my associates spend 60 hours per closing chasing corrections and re-signatures

Fund counsel sends 60-page subscription documents to 50 LPs for a new fund close — half come back incomplete, a quarter have errors in beneficial ownership fields, and the associate spends weeks chasing corrections while the GP pressures to close on schedule

New FinCEN beneficial ownership rules (31 CFR) require fund managers to collect and verify investor identity information by 2026 — the compliance team is manually screening each LP against sanctions lists using spreadsheets and can't keep up with the pace of new fund closings